Homogenizes



E. M. WHITE.

HOMOGENIZER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8. 1918- RENEWED .lULYI, 1921.

Patented July 18, 1922.

- IN VEN TOR.

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UNITED STATES ERNEST M. WHITE, 01? LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

HOMOGENIZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 18, 1922.

Application filed Ju1y 8, 1918, Serial No. 243,917. Renewed. July 1, 1921. Serial No. 482,003.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Ennns'r MILTON WHITE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have in vented new and useful Improvements in Homogenizers, of which the following is a specification.

My object is to make a homogenizer for furnishing explosive mixture from comparatively heavy oil for internal combustion engines, and my invention consists of the novel features herein shown, described and claimed.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary front elevation showing a heated intake manifold and acarburetor connected to the intake manifold to produce a homogenizer in accordance with the principles of my invention, parts being broken away and shown in section.

Fig. 2: a vertical cross-section on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional detail on the lines 3-3 of Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional detail. showing a modified. construction.

The intake manifold 1 consists of the arms 2 and 3 leading outwardly and upwardly from the homogenizing chamber 4. A heating jacket 5 is formed integralwith the intake manifold 1 and forms a chamber 6 around the wall of the homogenizing chamber 4 and around the intake manifold arms 2 and 3. The fuel mixture passages 7 and 8 lead from the chamber 4 through the arms 2 and 3 to the cylinders of the engine when the manifold is connected to an engine. An opening 9 leads to the top of the chamber 6 and openings 10 and 11 lead from the bottom of the chamber. theobject being to connect the exhaust of the engine or the cooling water of the engine jacket to circulate through the chamber 6 to heat the intake manifold. If water is used the connections will be made to run the hot water from the top of the engine jacket through the chamber 6 and then backwardly into the water jacket or radiator or the pipes connecting the water jacket to the radiator.

The chamber 4 is preferably circular in plan. A vertical bore 12 is formed through the head 13 at the bottom of the chamber 4 and at the vertical axial center of the chamber. The lower face 14 of the head 13 is'iinished flat on a plane crosswise of the axis of the bore 12. The side wall 15 of the chamber 4 may be straight and parallel with the axis of the bore 12 and the vertical axis of the chamber 4, said straight wall 15 forming nearly one-half of the height of the chamber. The upper portion of the chamber isformed by a wall 16 in the shape of an annular semi-circular arch extending around the center point 17, said point 17 being in vertical alinement with the center of the bore 12. The lower portion of the chamber 4is'formed by a wall 18 drawn upon the same lines as the wall 16 except that the bore 12 cuts away the central portion. The walls 15, 16 and 18 are formed integral and the openings 7 and 8 leading through the arms 2 and 3 lead through the walls 15 and 18 may be on diametrically opposite sides and through the heating chamber 6.

A sleeve 19 fits tightly in the bore 12 and has a flange 2O fitting the flat face 14. The upper portion of the sleeve 19 is reduced in size to receive the base 21 of the mixing tube 22 and which may be made with diverging walls above the openings 23 and 28. The base 21 of the mixing tube is somewhat larger in diameter than the tube 22 and a series of radial openings 23 are formed through the tube 22 at the top of the base 21, the edges at the upper sides of the open ings may be turned outwardly to form deflectors 24. The bore 25 through the sleeve 19 is tapered preferably, to make a jet torming nozzle and with the mixing tube 22 forms an injector. and the upper edge 26 of the sleeve 19 may be beveled or inclined from the inner face 27 of the wall 18 up wardly and inwardly so as to make a slight annular trough 28 around the upper end of the opening 25. The extreme upper end of the mixing tube 22 is preferably slightly below the point 17. A piece of twisted sheet metal is cut to fit in the mixing tube 22 to form a helix 29.

The carburetor 30 has a fuel mixture pipe 31 and a flange 32 at the upper end of the pipe 31. and cap screws 33 are inserted upwardly through the flange 32. through the flange 20, and tapped into the head The throttle valve is mounted in the pipe 31. the venturi 35 is mounted in the lower end of the pipe 31, and the carburetor nozzle 36 is centrally located. in the lower end of the venturi 35, so that the nozzle will discharge straight up towards the point 17.

When the throttle 34 is opened more or less and the engine operating, the fuel mixture, consisting of heavy gasoline, distillate, kerosene, or the like, passing upwardly through the nozzle 36 and mixing with air coming in around'the nozzlethrough the venturi 35 will pass upwardly through the tapered jet forming nozzle 25, around the helix 29, upwardly through the mixing tube 22 and strike thepoint 17 and'this point will defiect'the fuel mixture in all directions until it strikes the extreme top of the chamber 4, and the-walls 16, 1'5 and18 being hot will vaporize'a large portion of the solid particles ofoil and the vapor will pass outwardly throughthe passages -'7'and 8 fully vaporized fuel, and the particles of oil which fail to vaporize the first time around will be thrown downward andsucked in through passages 28 by'the suction caused by the injector action of the jet forming nozzle 25 and the mixing tube 22 and mixed with the mixture dischargedthrough the jet forming nozzle 25*and circulated again and again until the particles of fuel thrown downward are vapor'ized.

The homogenizing chamber 4 with the vertical central jet forming inlet 25 forms a vortex having a central intake and a peripheral outlet and return passages.

If desired the helix 29 may be omitted.

- linthemodiiication shown inFig. 4 the fuel mixture passage 37 leads through the pipe 38 from the carburetor to the passage 39, preferably tapered to form a jet of high velocity to thegaseous fuel passing there through, and this passage or' et form ng nozzle 39 discharges into the mixing tube 40' and forming with it an injector, and the mixing tube 40 discharges the fuel mixture into the vortex chamber 45 from which -the thorougl'i'lyvaporized mixture passes upward to the intake manifold through the passage 41. The vortex chamber 45 shown of irregular shape in elevation has in it a core 42 forming one wall of the mixing tube 40, and one 'wall of the passage 43 adjacent the discharge end of the jet forming nozzle 39. Toward the passage 43' the unvaporized particlesof fuel are thrown substantially downward as they emerge from the mixing tube 40 and with a portion" of the vaporized fuel are sucked through the passage 48 and mixed with the gaseous fuel discharged from 'the' jet forming nozzle 39 and again circulated until mixed and vaporized. Thoroughly mixed and vaporized mixture or gaseous fuel discharged into the vortex chamber 45 from the mixing tube 40 passes to the intake manifold through the passage 41 and thence to the motor. The heating chamber 44 surrounds the vortex chamber 45' and the mixing tube 40.

While I have shown in Figure 1 the homov genlzin g chamber 4 as consisting of a top wall in the shape of two semi-circular arches which turn inside out the entering column of gaseous fuel and assists in imparting to it a whirling motion or vortex before it enters the inlet 2, the said semi -circular arches may be dispensedwith and in its place the'ordinary manifold may be used. The whirling motion will in that case be formed solely by the injector action of the jet forming inlet nozzle and the mixing tube which is provided with perforations at the lower end thereof.

While I have shown my device in connection with the homogenizing of a gaseous fuel for internal combustion engines, it will be understood that I do in no wise limit my invention thereto. The same may be employed with gaseous fuel burners or may be used wherever it is desired to homogenizevapors, gases and liquids.

The homogenizing action is effected not only by the whirling motion imparted to the gaseous fuel, thereby giving the fuel mixture ing nozzles 25 and 39 'thoughbetter results are obtained with them.

Various changes may be made without departing from the 'spirit of my invention as claimed.

I claim:

1. A homogenizer consisting of means forminga vortex chamber, the upper part of the chamber being an annular arch forming a central point, the chamber having a vertilcal intake passage, a mixing tube within the vortex chamber and discharging against said point, and a plurality of outlets, one of which discharges into the mixing tube.

'2. A homogenizer consisting of means of forming an annular vortex chamber, the upper part of the chamber being an annular arch forming a central point, the chamber having a vertical intake discharging towards the said point and an outlet from the vortex chamber, a vertical mixing tube within the chamber, and aperipheral passage connecting the vortex chamber and the mixing tube;

3. Acommingling device for carbureted fuels, comprising a casing forming a single chamber provided with a single intake opening in the bottom thereof, and an openend tube mountedein said casing and in longitudinal alinement with said intake opensaid tube being provided at its lower mg, end with an opening communlcating' with said chamber, said casing being also provided with an outlet opening adapted to be connected to the fuel intake passages of an internal combustion engine.

4. A coininingling device for caroureted fuels, comprising a casing forming a fuel connningling chamber, said casing being )rovided with a fuel intake opening in the bottom thereof, and an open-end tube mounted in said casing and in longitudinal alinement with said fuel intake opening, said tube being provided at its lower end with a plurality of openings, said casing being also provided With outlet openings adjacent the top thereof, adapted to be connected to the fuel intake passages oi? an internal combustion engine.

5. A coininingling device for carbureted fuels, comprising a casing forming a chamber provided with a single intake opening in the bottom thereof, and an open-end tube mounted in said casing in spaced relation to the side walls thereoi and in longitudinal alinenient with said intake opening, said tube being provided at its lower end With an opening communicating With said chamber, said casing being also provided With an outlet opening adapted to be connected to the fuel intake passages of an internal combustion engine.

- In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ERNEST M. WHITE. 

